AP2/EREBP
Description
| Riechmann & Meyerowitz (1998): | AP2 (APETALA2) and EREBPs (ethylene-responsive element binding proteins) are the prototypic members of a family of transcription factors unique to plants, whose distinguishing characteristic is that they contain the so-called AP2 DNA-binding domain. AP2/ REBP genes form a large multigene family, and they play a variety of roles throughout the plant life cycle: from being key regulators of several developmental processes, like floral organ identity determination or control of leaf epidermal cell identity, to forming part of the mechanisms used by plants to respond to various types of biotic and environmental stress. |
| Shigyo et al. (2006): | AP2/EREBP genes are divided into two subfamilies: AP2 genes with two AP2 domains and EREBP genes with a single AP2/ERF (Ethylene Responsive Element Binding Factor) domain. Expressions of AP2-like genes, including AP2, in Arabidopsis thaliana are regulated by the microRNA miR172. We found that the target site of miR172 is significantly conserved in gymnosperm AP2 homologs, suggesting that regulatory mechanisms of gene expression using microRNA have been conserved over the three hundred million years since the divergence of gymnosperm and flowering plant lineages. |
References:
| 1) | Gutterson, N; Reuber, TL. 2004. Regulation of disease resistance pathways by AP2/ERF transcription factors. Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. 7(4):465-71 PubMed |
| 2) | Liu, Y; Zhao, TJ; Liu, JM; Liu, WQ; Liu, Q; Yan, YB; Zhou, HM. 2006. The conserved Ala37 in the ERF/AP2 domain is essential for binding with the DRE element and the GCC box. FEBS Lett. 580(5):1303-8 PubMed |
| 3) | Magnani, E; Sjölander, K; Hake, S. 2004. From endonucleases to transcription factors: evolution of the AP2 DNA binding domain in plants. Plant Cell 16(9):2265-77 PubMed |
| 4) | Ohme-Takagi, M; Shinshi, H. 1995. Ethylene-inducible DNA binding proteins that interact with an ethylene-responsive element. Plant Cell 7(2):173-82 PubMed |
| 5) | Riechmann, JL; Meyerowitz, EM. 1998. The AP2/EREBP family of plant transcription factors. Biol. Chem. 379(6):633-46 PubMed |
| 6) | Shigyo, M; Hasebe, M; Ito, M. 2006. Molecular evolution of the AP2 subfamily. Gene 366(2):256-65 PubMed |
| 7) | Shigyo, M; Ito, M. 2004. Analysis of gymnosperm two-AP2-domain-containing genes. Dev. Genes Evol. 214(3):105-14 PubMed |
| 8) | Weigel, D. 1995. The APETALA2 domain is related to a novel type of DNA binding domain. Plant Cell 7(4):388-9 PubMed |
Summary
| Name: | AP2/EREBP |
|---|---|
| Class: | TF |
| Number of species containing the TAP: | 119 |
| Number of available proteins: | 14500 |
The colour code corresponds to the rules for the domains:
should be contained
should not be contained
should not be contained
Domain rules:
(Domain names are clickable)
Phylogenetic tree for Archeaplastida:
No tree was calculated yet.
TAP distribution:
The following table shows the distribution of AP2/EREBP over all species included in TAPscan. The values for e.g. a specific kingdom are shown in the tree below if you expand the tree for that kingdom.
| Minimum | Maximum | Average | Median | Standard deviation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 526 | 118.5 | 122 | 98.07 |