BES1
Description
| Yin et al. (2005): | Brassinosteroids (BRs) signal through a plasma membrane-localized receptor kinase to regulate plant growth and development. We showed previously that a novel protein, BES1, accumulates in the nucleus in response to BRs, where it plays a role in BR-regulated gene expression; however, the mechanism by which BES1 regulates gene expression is unknown. In this study, we dissect BES1 subdomains and establish that BES1 is a transcription factor that binds to and activates BR target gene promoters both in vitro and in vivo. BES1 interacts with a basic helix-loop-helix protein, BIM1, to synergistically bind to E box (CANNTG) sequences present in many BR-induced promoters. Loss-of-function and gain-of-function mutants of BIM1 and its close family members display BR response phenotypes. Thus, BES1 defines a new class of plant-specific transcription factors that cooperate with transcription factors such as BIM1 to regulate BR-induced genes. |
References:
| 1) | Li, L; Deng, XW. 2005. It runs in the family: regulation of brassinosteroid signaling by the BZR1-BES1 class of transcription factors. Trends Plant Sci. 10(6):266-8 PubMed |
| 2) | Vert, G; Nemhauser, JL; Geldner, N; Hong, F; Chory, J. 2005. Molecular mechanisms of steroid hormone signaling in plants. Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol. 21:177-201 PubMed |
| 3) | Yin, Y; Vafeados, D; Tao, Y; Yoshida, S; Asami, T; Chory, J. 2005. A new class of transcription factors mediates brassinosteroid-regulated gene expression in Arabidopsis. Cell 120(2):249-59 PubMed |
Summary
| Name: | BES1 |
|---|---|
| Class: | TF |
| Number of species containing the TAP: | 105 |
| Number of available proteins: | 814 |
The colour code corresponds to the rules for the domains:
should be contained
should not be contained
should not be contained
Domain rules:
(Domain names are clickable)
Phylogenetic tree for Archeaplastida:
No tree was calculated yet.
TAP distribution:
The following table shows the distribution of BES1 over all species included in TAPscan. The values for e.g. a specific kingdom are shown in the tree below if you expand the tree for that kingdom.
| Minimum | Maximum | Average | Median | Standard deviation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 29 | 6.65 | 6 | 5.31 |